How would you define a real entrepreneur, what is the most important criterion? What are the differences or similarities when compared with entrepreneurs abroad? So, what do you think is the basis of success and failure, considering the areas that entrepreneurs are heading towards?

 R. Müge Hüseyinoğlu: Real entrepreneurs are people who have high resilience to the obstacles they encounter in order to reach their goals, who work tirelessly, are determined and have the courage to take risks. A true entrepreneur also needs to be patient and put in the effort. However, in cases where they realize that the strategy is wrong, they should know how to think flexibly and be able to produce solutions by focusing on their new strategy. Otherwise, being an entrepreneur can have harmful consequences.

 I think that domestic entrepreneurs are advantageous in some ways and disadvantageous in some other ways. In order to achieve success, it is necessary to get out of the comfort zone, because of many factors that develop outside of us in our society, the entrepreneur has to constantly innovate for their purpose, and if otherwise, they have to come up with solutions. This actually allows for the development of creative ideas.

 On the other hand, we can summarize the advantage of foreign entrepreneurs as encouraging the development of business ideas and providing the necessary resources for their implementation, analyzing the contributions of business outputs after investment and making improvements to increase the share of added value.

Currently, four generations can successfully work together in companies.  Of course, there are many pluses to this, but can you tell us about the essentials to ensure institutional efficiency and increase intergenerational interaction?

R. M. H.: Unfortunately, the number of companies working with 4 generations is very few in Turkey, there is a huge deficiency in this regard and it seriously damages the country's economy. There are many different perspectives, experiences and ideas that generations can transfer to each other, the important thing is to blend these differences and act together towards the goal at the end of the day. It is very important to make a division of labor based on justice and merit among family members. There may be differences between generations, but all generations should adopt the company culture, business ethics and ethical values ​​and make them adopt it to other employees. I also think that the observations of an individual outside the family who have a different point of view in company management will be useful.

 Employee circulation in the young generation is very high. What do you think is the trademark of this, can you summarize? What conclusions do your observations and witnesses reveal? In which areas and how do improvements need to be made?

 R. M. H.: The young generation's opportunity to find a new job is quite easy compared to previous years and it is so easy for them to quit. The new generation does not have a goal of being patient and working for many years from the first moment of entry to the job, they can adapt to a different job very easily with instant decisions, the businesses are aware that they have to invest in systems and not establish their infrastructures depending on the person, so that the operation can continue without interruption despite some losses in personnel changes.

 Today, it is difficult for the new generation to embrace the company they work for and to be motivated. However, they can work more happily in a structure where they can improve themselves not only in terms of business, but also in terms of education, technological equipment and social skills, and where their thoughts are cared for and implemented. It is very important that this is fair and sustainable.  In this regard, it is necessary to listen to the employees, understand their needs and give mutual feedback.

Do you think environmental sustainability is understood correctly in our country? How can we achieve success in this regard and how can we make improvements? What does the new generation say about this, can you summarize their perspectives?

 R. M. H.: I believe that in order to understand environmental sustainability, public institutions and organizations, non-governmental organizations, industry-leading companies and individuals should work together and work long hours to spread this awareness.

 In the past, we did not talk about such a concept, but as our resources decreased, we started to talk more, but when we look at our actions, we are quite inadequate in our country and even far from social awareness.

 In fact, our problem is related to sustainability, our perspective on problems cannot go beyond producing temporary solutions in the short term. First we need to change that.

 Then we need to reconsider our environmental policy. In this direction, it is very important to increase investments that will encourage the use of renewable energy resources, to increase the use of waste management, to protect water resources and to fight against climate change.

 We can say that young people are more conscious and educated on these issues. As they use social media more actively, they have a great role to access information and carry out proactive studies.

What does successful digital transformation mean and are we ready for it? In the simplest terms, does calling with Skype or Teams mean adapting to digital transformation? We were doing these before, what has changed and differentiated?

 R. M. H: We are successful in this as much as we can integrate digital transformation into our business processes. We can define Skype and Teams only as digital tools that we use for communication.

 Digital transformation is an endless journey, with different destinations, stops and people.  This cycle will always continue. All of them will transform within themselves, differentiate, and then transform again.

 Businesses have understood that digital transformation has advantages such as reducing costs, increasing customer satisfaction, and employees working more efficiently and quickly, they can now see it as a part of investment, but it will take time to spread this awareness to all personnel in the business and to acquire the necessary skills.  The important thing is to create a roadmap for this development and to ensure the continuity of the activities.

 We see that the young generation is more enthusiastic about this issue, they can adapt more easily, they have no difficulty in moving their business processes to the digital environment.

 We take advantage of all the possibilities of the digital age, we come face to face with Metaverse, Metaverse now brings us even closer. What is the trend of young people against the Metaverse? What are the advantages and disadvantages of working in an industrial company that focuses on digital transformation?

 R. M. H.: It is undoubtedly necessary and unavoidable to follow technological developments closely and to include them in our business processes. Incorporating its advantageous aspects into our daily and business life simplifies our work and provides cost advantage. Being able to be in several places at the same time and being able to really experience that feeling is very exciting and intriguing. On the downside, there may be some gaps in information privacy and security, as cyber attacks increase more. It is necessary to calculate the possible risks of these and take precautions.

 If we consider the situation in terms of young people, if things are moving away from our own reality and towards a virtual reality because of the metaverse, it is necessary to take a look at it. What if, in a world of scarce resources, young people become too blind to need real satisfaction, as long as they experience virtual satisfaction on issues that they cannot achieve by taking advantage of their passions? We will certainly see them through experience.

How did reasons such as wars, opposing power balances, scarcity-water problem or the pandemic affecting the world change the future? How do you evaluate the future?

R. M. H.: One of the problems experienced as a result of the pandemic was that the delays in the supply due to the long supply chain had a negative impact on the commercial life. The importance of localization has emerged and many companies have started to take measures regarding this. He created the opportunity to work with companies that he had not worked with before, in the nearby geography or locally, if possible, and turned a disadvantageous situation into an advantage.

At the same time, studies on digitalization gained momentum. Robotic activities, artificial intelligence and automation systems related to Industry 4.0 have become more common in our companies. There have also been changes in our working environments, departments where it is possible to work from home - office have adopted the hybrid working system.

The work carried out for the use of energy resources within the scope of the European Green Deal has accelerated the creation of alternatives after the recent Ukraine-Russia war.

Countries and companies that can adapt quickly to changing conditions, turn the crisis into an opportunity, accelerate the transformation and digital transformation of energy resources, and adopt sustainable policies will continue to be successful in the future.